Alphabet Inc.
GOOG · Nasdaq, Nasdaq · CIK 0001652044
SIC 7370
Services-Computer Programming, Data Processing, Etc.
Category
Technology
Entity
operating
Incorp.
DE
Fiscal Y/E
1231
Source: SEC EDGAR · All filings on SEC →
Investment Indicators
$386.74
-10.31 (-2.60%)
Open
$390.69
High
$394.33
Low
$386.32
Prev Close
$397.05
Volume
13,264,146
52W High
$388.96
52W Low
$153.30
50-day MA
$315.52
Quote as of: 2026-05-11
Market Cap
$4.66T
P/E
29.33
P/B
9.61
PEG
1.76
EPS
13.10
BPS
34.35
Dividend Yield
0.22%
Beta
1.27
ROE
31.83%
ROA
22.20%
D/E Ratio
0.43
Current Ratio
2.01
Operating Margin
32.03%
Net Margin
32.81%
Book Value/Share
$34.35
Intrinsic Value Estimates
Multiple valuation methods, each with its own assumptions — outputs can diverge widely
Median consensus (7 methods)
$1.11T
| Method | Implied market cap | vs current |
|---|---|---|
Graham Number √(22.5 × 순이익 × 자본) | $1.11T | +319% |
Graham Formula 순이익 × (8.5 + 2 × 성장률%) | $7.73T | -40% |
Justified P/E 순이익 × 산업 평균 P/E | $1.98T | +135% |
P/B 배수 자본 × 산업 평균 P/B | $622.90B | +647% |
P/S 배수 매출 × 산업 평균 P/S | $805.67B | +478% |
DCF (Gordon) CF × (1+g) / (r − g) | $2.59T | +80% |
DDM (Gordon) D × (1+g) / (r − g) | $355.06B | +1211% |
▶ Detailed analysis — formula walk-through & scenarios
Why this conclusion
Of the 7 valuation methods, 7 were applicable. Their median fair-value lands +318.9% below the current market cap → the stock trades above most formulas' estimates (overvalued). 6 methods flag overvalued, 1 flag undervalued, the rest land within fair range. Read each formula's assumptions below before treating any single number as the answer.
Graham Number
Overvalued +318.9%√(22.5 × 순이익 × 자본)
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$1.11T
Gap (current − fair)
+$3.54T(+318.9%)
NetIncome = $132.17B Equity = $415.26B √(22.5 × $132.17B × $415.26B) = $1.11T
- 최대 PER 15배
- 최대 PBR 1.5배
- 안정적 흑자 기업 가정 (금융·고성장 부정확)
Graham Formula
Undervalued -39.8%순이익 × (8.5 + 2 × 성장률%)
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$7.73T
Gap (current − fair)
$-3.08T(-39.8%)
NetIncome = $132.17B Growth g = 32.0% → cap 25.0% Multiple = 8.5 + 2 × 25.0 = 58.5× $132.17B × 58.5 = $7.73T
- EPS 성장률 32.0%/년 가정 (직전 1년 기준)
- 무성장 기업 P/E = 8.5
- 현재 적용 배수: 58.5x
Justified P/E
Overvalued +134.8%순이익 × 산업 평균 P/E
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$1.98T
Gap (current − fair)
+$2.67T(+134.8%)
NetIncome = $132.17B Industry P/E = 15× $132.17B × 15 = $1.98T
- 산업 평균 PER 15x 가정 (사용자 정의 가능)
- 동종 업종 비교가 핵심 — 산업별 평균 P/E 사용 권장
P/B 배수
Overvalued +647.4%자본 × 산업 평균 P/B
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$622.90B
Gap (current − fair)
+$4.03T(+647.4%)
Equity = $415.26B Industry P/B = 1.5× $415.26B × 1.5 = $622.90B
- 산업 평균 PBR 1.5x 가정
- 은행·보험·자산집약적 산업에 특히 유효
P/S 배수
Overvalued +477.9%매출 × 산업 평균 P/S
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$805.67B
Gap (current − fair)
+$3.85T(+477.9%)
Revenue = $402.84B Industry P/S = 2× $402.84B × 2 = $805.67B
- 산업 평균 PSR 2x 가정
- 매출 기반 — 적자 기업·신생 기업에 적용 가능
- 이익률 차이 무시
DCF (Gordon)
Overvalued +79.8%CF × (1+g) / (r − g)
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$2.59T
Gap (current − fair)
+$2.07T(+79.8%)
FCF = $73.27B Discount r = 4.0% + 5.0% = 9.0% Growth g = 6.0% $73.27B × (1 + 6.0%) / (9.0% − 6.0%) = $2.59T
- 현금흐름 입력: FCF (잉여현금흐름)
- 할인율 9.0% (무위험 4.0% + 주식위험프리미엄 5.0%)
- 영구 성장률 6.0% (실질 GDP 수준)
DDM (Gordon)
Overvalued +1211.2%D × (1+g) / (r − g)
Current
$4.66T
Implied fair
$355.06B
Gap (current − fair)
+$4.30T(+1211.2%)
Dividend D = $10.05B Discount r = 9.0% Growth g = 6.0% $10.05B × (1 + 6.0%) / (9.0% − 6.0%) = $355.06B
- 배당 입력: 실제 지급 배당
- 할인율 9.0%
- 배당 영구 성장률 6.0%
DCF sensitivity: discount rate × terminal growth
Each cell is the (current vs FCF × (1+g) / (r − g)) discount % under the assumed growth g and discount r.
| g \ r | 7% | 8% | 9% | 10% | 11% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1% | +277.5% | +340.4% | +403.3% | +466.2% | +529.1% |
| 2% | +211.5% | +273.8% | +336.1% | +398.4% | +460.7% |
| 3% | +146.8% | +208.5% | +270.2% | +331.9% | +393.5% |
| 4% | +83.3% | +144.4% | +205.5% | +266.6% | +327.7% |
| 5% | +21.0% | +81.6% | +142.1% | +202.6% | +263.1% |
DDM sensitivity: discount rate × dividend growth
Each cell is the discount % vs Dividend × (1+g) / (r − g) under the assumed growth g and discount r.
| g \ r | 7% | 8% | 9% | 10% | 11% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1% | +2652.2% | +3110.9% | +3569.6% | +4028.3% | +4487.0% |
| 2% | +2171.0% | +2625.2% | +3079.4% | +3533.6% | +3987.9% |
| 3% | +1699.2% | +2149.0% | +2598.8% | +3048.6% | +3498.4% |
| 4% | +1236.4% | +1681.9% | +2127.4% | +2572.8% | +3018.3% |
| 5% | +782.5% | +1223.7% | +1664.9% | +2106.1% | +2547.4% |
All estimates rest on strong assumptions. Treat the spread, not any single number, as the signal.
Financial Statements
In USD millions (per-share figures shown directly) · Financials as of: 2026-02-05
Income Statement
| FY | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 402,836 | — | — | — | 257,637 |
| Cost of Revenue | 162,535 | 146,306 | 133,332 | 126,203 | 110,939 |
| Operating Income | 129,039 | 112,390 | 84,293 | 74,842 | 78,714 |
| Net Income | 132,170 | 100,118 | 73,795 | 59,972 | 76,033 |
| EPS (Basic) | 10.91 | 8.13 | 5.84 | 4.59 | 113.88 |
| EPS (Diluted) | 10.81 | 8.04 | 5.80 | 4.56 | 112.20 |
Balance Sheet
| FY | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Assets | 595,281 | 450,256 | 402,392 | 365,264 | 359,268 |
| Current Assets | 206,038 | 163,711 | 171,530 | 164,795 | 188,143 |
| Cash & Equivalents | 30,708 | 23,466 | 24,048 | 21,879 | 20,945 |
| Total Liabilities | 180,016 | 125,172 | 119,013 | 109,120 | 107,633 |
| Current Liabilities | 102,745 | 89,122 | 81,814 | 69,300 | 64,254 |
| Long-term Debt | 49,085 | 12,000 | 14,862 | 15,312 | 15,440 |
| Total Equity | 415,265 | 325,084 | 283,379 | 256,144 | 251,635 |
Cash Flow
| FY | 2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operating CF | 164,713 | 125,299 | 101,746 | 91,495 | 91,652 |
| Investing CF | -120,291 | -45,536 | -27,063 | -20,298 | -35,523 |
| Financing CF | -37,388 | -79,733 | -72,093 | -69,757 | -61,362 |
| CapEx | 91,447 | 52,535 | 32,251 | 31,485 | 24,640 |
| Dividends Paid | 10,049 | 7,363 | — | — | — |
📄 SEC Filings
Current Report
8-K
2026-05-11
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Institutional Holdings
xslForm13F_X02/primary_doc.xml
2026-05-08
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Quarterly Report
10-Q
2026-04-30
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Current Report
8-K
2026-04-29
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Proxy Statement
DEFINITIVE PROXY STATEMENT
2026-04-24
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Current Report
8-K
2026-04-10
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Current Report
8-K
2026-04-02
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Current Report
8-K
2026-03-06
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Other filings (92)
424B5
424B5
2026-05-11
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424B2
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2026-05-07
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424B2
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2026-05-07
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2026-05-05
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FWP
2026-05-05
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PX14A6G
o55262px14a6g.htm
2026-05-05
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424B5
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2026-05-05
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424B5
424B5
2026-05-05
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4
2026-05-01
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-04-30
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PX14A6G
o429268px14a6g.htm
2026-04-30
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4
2026-04-29
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4
2026-04-29
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SCHEDULE 13G
xslSCHEDULE_13G_X02/primary_doc.xml
2026-04-29
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SCHEDULE 13G
xslSCHEDULE_13G_X02/primary_doc.xml
2026-04-29
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4/A
4/A
2026-04-28
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4
2026-04-28
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4
2026-04-28
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4
2026-04-28
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PX14A6G
px14a6g14098010_04282026.htm
2026-04-28
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PX14A6G
o427262px14a6g.htm
2026-04-27
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ARS
ANNUAL REPORT TO SECURITY HOLDERS
2026-04-24
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DEFA14A
DEFINITIVE ADDITIONAL PROXY SOLICITING MATERIALS
2026-04-24
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4
2026-04-17
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-04-15
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2026-04-10
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2026-04-03
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2026-03-31
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2026-03-31
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-30
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2026-03-27
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2026-03-27
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2026-03-27
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2026-03-27
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Insider Transaction
4
2026-03-27
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Insider Transaction
4
2026-03-27
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-27
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SCHEDULE 13G/A
xslSCHEDULE_13G_X02/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-26
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SCHEDULE 13G/A
xslSCHEDULE_13G_X02/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-26
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4
2026-03-18
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2026-03-18
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2026-03-18
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4
2026-03-18
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Insider Transaction
4
2026-03-18
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-18
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-18
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-16
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CERT
GOOG CERT
2026-03-12
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8-A12B
8-A12B
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-12
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-12
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-12
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4
2026-03-06
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2026-03-04
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Insider Transaction
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2026-03-04
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-04
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-04
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4
2026-03-02
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-03-02
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4
2026-02-27
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-02-27
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-02-27
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4
2026-02-25
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4/A
2026-02-20
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2026-02-20
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2026-02-20
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2026-02-20
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2026-02-20
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4
2026-02-19
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144
xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-02-18
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xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-02-18
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xslSCHEDULE_13G_X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-02-17
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4
2026-02-17
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5
2026-02-17
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xsl144X01/primary_doc.xml
2026-02-17
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