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MICROSOFT CORP

MSFT · Nasdaq · CIK 0000789019

SIC 7372

Services-Prepackaged Software

Category

Technology

Entity

operating

Incorp.

WA

Fiscal Y/E

0630

Source: SEC EDGAR · All filings on SEC →

Investment Indicators

$412.68

-2.44 (-0.59%)

Open

$407.77

High

$412.68

Low

$405.50

Prev Close

$415.12

Volume

22,616,513

52W High

$552.24

52W Low

$356.28

50-day MA

$397.88

Quote as of: 2026-05-11

Market Cap

$3.13T

P/E

25.03

P/B

7.42

PEG

1.28

EPS

16.81

BPS

55.78

Dividend Yield

0.86%

Beta

1.09

ROE

29.65%

ROA

16.45%

D/E Ratio

0.80

Current Ratio

1.35

Gross Margin

310.31%

Operating Margin

205.70%

Net Margin

162.97%

Book Value/Share

$46.20

Intrinsic Value Estimates

Multiple valuation methods, each with its own assumptions — outputs can diverge widely

Median consensus (7 methods)

$887.12B

Deep overvalued +252.3%
MethodImplied market capvs current

Graham Number

√(22.5 × 순이익 × 자본)

$887.12B+252%

Graham Formula

순이익 × (8.5 + 2 × 성장률%)

$4.03T-22%

Justified P/E

순이익 × 산업 평균 P/E

$1.53T+105%

P/B 배수

자본 × 산업 평균 P/B

$515.22B+507%

P/S 배수

매출 × 산업 평균 P/S

$124.97B+2401%

DCF (Gordon)

CF × (1+g) / (r − g)

$2.53T+24%

DDM (Gordon)

D × (1+g) / (r − g)

$850.90B+267%
▶ Detailed analysis — formula walk-through & scenarios

Why this conclusion

Of the 7 valuation methods, 7 were applicable. Their median fair-value lands +252.3% below the current market cap → the stock trades above most formulas' estimates (overvalued). 5 methods flag overvalued, 1 flag undervalued, the rest land within fair range. Read each formula's assumptions below before treating any single number as the answer.

Graham Number

Overvalued +252.3%

√(22.5 × 순이익 × 자본)

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$887.12B

Gap (current − fair)

+$2.24T(+252.3%)

NetIncome = $101.83B
Equity = $343.48B
√(22.5 × $101.83B × $343.48B) = $887.12B
  • 최대 PER 15배
  • 최대 PBR 1.5배
  • 안정적 흑자 기업 가정 (금융·고성장 부정확)

Graham Formula

Undervalued -22.4%

순이익 × (8.5 + 2 × 성장률%)

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$4.03T

Gap (current − fair)

$-904.77B(-22.4%)

NetIncome = $101.83B
Growth g = 15.5% → cap 15.5%
Multiple = 8.5 + 2 × 15.5 = 39.6×
$101.83B × 39.6 = $4.03T
  • EPS 성장률 15.5%/년 가정 (직전 1년 기준)
  • 무성장 기업 P/E = 8.5
  • 현재 적용 배수: 39.6x

Justified P/E

Overvalued +104.6%

순이익 × 산업 평균 P/E

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$1.53T

Gap (current − fair)

+$1.60T(+104.6%)

NetIncome = $101.83B
Industry P/E = 15×
$101.83B × 15 = $1.53T
  • 산업 평균 PER 15x 가정 (사용자 정의 가능)
  • 동종 업종 비교가 핵심 — 산업별 평균 P/E 사용 권장

P/B 배수

Overvalued +506.7%

자본 × 산업 평균 P/B

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$515.22B

Gap (current − fair)

+$2.61T(+506.7%)

Equity = $343.48B
Industry P/B = 1.5×
$343.48B × 1.5 = $515.22B
  • 산업 평균 PBR 1.5x 가정
  • 은행·보험·자산집약적 산업에 특히 유효

P/S 배수

Overvalued +2401.2%

매출 × 산업 평균 P/S

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$124.97B

Gap (current − fair)

+$3.00T(+2401.2%)

Revenue = $62.48B
Industry P/S = 2×
$62.48B × 2 = $124.97B
  • 산업 평균 PSR 2x 가정
  • 매출 기반 — 적자 기업·신생 기업에 적용 가능
  • 이익률 차이 무시

DCF (Gordon)

Fair +23.5%

CF × (1+g) / (r − g)

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$2.53T

Gap (current − fair)

+$595.41B(+23.5%)

FCF = $71.61B
Discount r = 4.0% + 5.0% = 9.0%
Growth g = 6.0%
$71.61B × (1 + 6.0%) / (9.0% − 6.0%) = $2.53T
  • 현금흐름 입력: FCF (잉여현금흐름)
  • 할인율 9.0% (무위험 4.0% + 주식위험프리미엄 5.0%)
  • 영구 성장률 6.0% (실질 GDP 수준)

DDM (Gordon)

Overvalued +267.3%

D × (1+g) / (r − g)

Current

$3.13T

Implied fair

$850.90B

Gap (current − fair)

+$2.27T(+267.3%)

Dividend D = $24.08B
Discount r = 9.0%
Growth g = 6.0%
$24.08B × (1 + 6.0%) / (9.0% − 6.0%) = $850.90B
  • 배당 입력: 실제 지급 배당
  • 할인율 9.0%
  • 배당 영구 성장률 6.0%

DCF sensitivity: discount rate × terminal growth

Each cell is the (current vs FCF × (1+g) / (r − g)) discount % under the assumed growth g and discount r.

g \ r7%8%9%10%11%
1%+159.3%+202.5%+245.7%+288.9%+332.2%
2%+114.0%+156.8%+199.5%+242.3%+285.1%
3%+69.5%+111.9%+154.3%+196.6%+239.0%
4%+25.9%+67.9%+109.8%+151.8%+193.8%
5%-16.9%+24.7%+66.3%+107.8%+149.4%

DDM sensitivity: discount rate × dividend growth

Each cell is the discount % vs Dividend × (1+g) / (r − g) under the assumed growth g and discount r.

g \ r7%8%9%10%11%
1%+671.0%+799.6%+928.1%+1056.6%+1185.1%
2%+536.2%+663.5%+790.7%+918.0%+1045.2%
3%+404.0%+530.1%+656.1%+782.1%+908.1%
4%+274.4%+399.2%+524.0%+648.8%+773.6%
5%+147.2%+270.8%+394.4%+518.1%+641.7%

All estimates rest on strong assumptions. Treat the spread, not any single number, as the signal.

Financial Statements

In USD millions (per-share figures shown directly) · Financials as of: 2025-07-30

Income Statement

FY20252024202320222021
Gross Profit193,893171,008146,052135,620115,856
Operating Expenses65,365
Operating Income128,528109,43388,52383,38369,916
Net Income101,83288,13672,36172,73861,271
EPS (Basic)13.7011.869.729.708.12
EPS (Diluted)13.6411.809.689.658.05

Balance Sheet

FY20252024202320222021
Total Assets619,003512,163411,976364,840333,779
Current Assets191,131159,734184,257169,684184,406
Cash & Equivalents30,24218,31534,70413,93114,224
Total Liabilities275,524243,686205,753198,298191,791
Current Liabilities141,218125,286104,14995,08288,657
Long-term Debt43,15144,93747,23749,78158,146
Total Equity343,479268,477206,223166,542141,988

Cash Flow

FY20252024202320222021
Operating CF136,162118,54887,58289,03576,740
Investing CF-72,599-96,970-22,680-30,311-27,577
Financing CF-51,699-37,757-43,935-58,876-48,486
CapEx64,55144,47728,10723,88620,622
Dividends Paid24,08221,77119,80018,13516,521

📄 SEC Filings

Other filings (92)
SCHEDULE 13G

SCHEDULE 13G

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2026-04-30

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SCHEDULE 13G/A

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2026-03-27

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2026-03-24

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